ABSTRACT
Severe mycotic infections are a source of concern in immunocompromised patients or in those who receive chemotherapy for hematological malignant diseases. One of the causes is referred to the appearance of antimycotic resistant microorganisms. Fluconazole is one of the antimycotic used for invasive mycoses treatment. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the factors that originate this resistance. In the present report the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288c was used as a model system. In resistant strains the accumulation of the lipophilic cation Rhodamine 6G, L-leucine uptake and growth inhibition by crystal violet dye were determined. The results presented herein demonstrate the correlation between the membrane potential and the resistance to fluconazole presented by S. cerevisiae strain S288c.
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Fluconazole , Membrane Potentials , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Rhodamines , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Antifungal Agents/metabolism , Culture Media , Sterols/metabolism , Fluconazole , Gentian Violet , Leucine , Membrane Lipids/metabolism , Proline , Saccharomyces cerevisiaeABSTRACT
S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide, isolated from garlic, A. sativum, is more or less as active as gugulipid in controlling hypercholestermia, obesity and derangement of enzyme activities in cholesterol diet fed rats. The beneficial effects of the drugs are partly due to their inhibitory effects on transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lipogenic enzymes and HMG CoA reductase and partly due to their stimulatory effects on plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase lipolytic enzymes and fecal excretion of sterols and bile acids.
Subject(s)
Animals , Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology , Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Cholesterol, Dietary/pharmacology , Commiphora , Cysteine/analogs & derivatives , Enzymes/blood , Feces/chemistry , Garlic/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Gums , Plants, Medicinal , Rats , Sterols/metabolismABSTRACT
Administration of fresh leaves of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) mixed as 1 g and 2 g in 100 gms of diet given for four weeks, brought about significant changes in the lipid profile of normal albino rabbits. This resulted in significant lowering in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid and LDL-cholesterol levels and significant increase in the HDL-cholesterol and total faecal sterol contents.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cholesterol/blood , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Lipids/blood , Male , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Rabbits , Sterols/metabolism , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
Acceleration of cholesterol catabolism (through feces) has been proposed as one of the mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effect of dairy products. This study examined the effects of feeding two milk products (skim milk and skim milk yogurt) on fecal neutral sterol excretions in rats. Six groups of nine rats each were fed iso-caloric Chow-based diets containing water, 45% skim milk (SM), or 45% skim milk yogurt (SMY), without or with cholesterol. The results indicate that both SM and SMY increased the excretion of total neutral sterols under hyperlipemic conditions. The SMY diet (with cholesterol) also increased the excretion of coprostanol, a bacterial metabolite.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cholesterol, Dietary/metabolism , Feces/chemistry , Male , Milk/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sterols/metabolism , YogurtABSTRACT
Total lipids (% dry weight basis) of S. cerevisiae increased when pH of the growth medium was altered. Phospholipid content increased when the yeast was grown at a pH higher than its optimal (pH 6). Sterol content was not affected much. Sterol:phospholipid ratio was not affected by pH of the medium. Phosphatidylcholine content of S. cerevisiae was inversely related to pH of its growth medium. Glycolipids were more when the yeast was grown at pH 9. Fatty acids of S. cerevisiae grown at pH 3 were more saturated which makes the membranes less fluid.